{"id":2649,"date":"2025-09-06T18:35:03","date_gmt":"2025-09-06T15:35:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/missioneurasiafield.org\/?post_type=nation&#038;p=2649"},"modified":"2025-09-10T21:08:24","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T18:08:24","slug":"turkmeny","status":"publish","type":"nation","link":"https:\/\/missioneurasiafield.org\/ro\/nation\/turkmeny\/","title":{"rendered":"Turkmeni"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cen trecut, cultura turkmen\u0103 a fost puternic influen\u021bat\u0103 at\u00e2t de cuceritorii turci, care le-au impus limba lor, c\u00e2t \u0219i de arabi, care i-au for\u021bat s\u0103 accepte islamul. Timp de sute de ani, ei au dus un stil de via\u021b\u0103 nomad, c\u00e2\u0219tig\u00e2ndu-\u0219i existen\u021ba din cre\u0219terea vitelor \u0219i din v\u00e2nzarea sclavilor persani captura\u021bi. O vorb\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103 era: casa unui turkmen este acolo unde se afl\u0103 calul s\u0103u. \u00cens\u0103 \u00een secolul al XIX-lea au \u00eenceput s\u0103 duc\u0103 un mod de via\u021b\u0103 semi-nomad, p\u0103\u0219un\u00e2nd oi \u0219i c\u0103mile o parte din an \u0219i cultiv\u00e2nd \u00een cealalt\u0103 parte a anului. \u00cen secolul al XVII-lea, turkmenii s-au mutat \u00een Caucaz, care mai t\u00e2rziu a devenit parte a Rusiei. C\u00e2nd Turkmenistanul a devenit una dintre republicile sovietice, turkmenii au fost for\u021ba\u021bi s\u0103 lucreze \u00een ferme colective, iar stilul lor de via\u021b\u0103 nomad a luat sf\u00e2r\u0219it.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Turkmenii sunt \u00een general puternici din punct de vedere fizic \u0219i pot \u00eendura cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 condi\u021bii naturale dificile. Se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin ospitalitate, sinceritate \u0219i fiabilitate; cu toate acestea, au fost descri\u0219i \u0219i ca fioro\u0219i \u0219i r\u0103zbun\u0103tori. Turkmenii sunt unul dintre numeroasele grupuri etnice din Asia Central\u0103 care vorbesc o limb\u0103 turcic\u0103 \u00eenrudit\u0103. Aceste limbi nu sunt \u00eentotdeauna \u00een\u021belese reciproc, dar turkmenii \u00een\u021beleg adesea p\u0103r\u021bi din alte limbi. Turkmenii au propria lor \u021bar\u0103, Turkmenistanul, unde tr\u0103iesc majoritatea lor. Un num\u0103r semnificativ de turkmeni tr\u0103iesc \u0219i \u00een Iran, unde reprezint\u0103 aproximativ o treime din popula\u021bie, \u0219i \u00een Afganistan. De asemenea, ei tr\u0103iesc \u00een aproape toate \u021b\u0103rile din Asia Central\u0103.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Turkmenii au fugit din \u021bara lor natal\u0103 \u00een ora\u0219ele ruse\u0219ti \u00een c\u0103utare de munc\u0103. Chiar \u0219i cei care sunt bine educa\u021bi trebuie adesea s\u0103 se mul\u021bumeasc\u0103 cu o munc\u0103 grea, cu ore de lucru lungi \u0219i salarii mici. Ace\u0219tia \u00ee\u0219i trimit majoritatea banilor \u00eenapoi \u00een Turkmenistan. Lucreaz\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 permise sau asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103. Mul\u021bi \u00eempart apartamente mici cu al\u021bi lucr\u0103tori migran\u021bi. Ca \u0219i al\u021bi asiatici centrali, turkmenii sunt adesea neglija\u021bi.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true},"class_list":["post-2649","nation","type-nation","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/missioneurasiafield.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/nation\/2649","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/missioneurasiafield.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/nation"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/missioneurasiafield.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/nation"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/missioneurasiafield.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}